Improvement in distilling peteoleum



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Patented Jan y 8, 1867.

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. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. THlRAULT- Apparatus for Treating Petroleum.

No. 61,120. Patented Jany 8, 1867.

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ALEXIS THIRAULT, OF NEW YORK, Y;

Letters Patent 1V0. 61,120, dated January 8, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT 1N DISTILLING PETROLEUM.

Be it known that I, ALEXIS TILIRAULT, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented a new and useful Machine or Apparatus forDistilling Petroleum Oil; and I do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operationof the same, reference being bad to the annexed drawing, makin a part ofthe specification, in which:-

Figure 1, in plate 1, represents a front view of the apparatus.

Figure 2, in same plate, the top view of a tar-cock.

Figure 1, in plate 2, a perspective view of the apparatus and Figure 2,in same plate, atop view of the same.

A B O are three different-sized boilers, forming a still,connectedtogether, the use of each of which is as follows: The boiler Ais employed for the purpose of heating the crude oil arid separating thebenzine from the same, before it is allowed to enter into the boiler B.The boiler B is employed for distilling continually the oil, which isallowed to flow into it from the boiler A. The boiler G is used for thepurpose of redistilling certain colored parts of oil, which would flowout of the boiler B undistilled, on account of the pressure the oilsometimes undergoes in its passage from the boiler Ainto' boiler 13, andwhich colored parts of oil, after being prevented, by means of a cock,from mixing with the clear oil previously distilled, are'forced intoboiler C for redistillation. D and E are tubs to receive the oil afterit is distilled. F is a tar-cock, the use of which consists in enablingto clear the still of the tar and residuum remaining in it duringtheoperation without stopping the distillation. It consists of a pipe,H, of about three feet in length, placed at the bottom oflthe boiler B,which pipe H encloses a square iron rod, G, attached to the plug of thecock F. This iron rod penetrates into the still, for the purpose ofbreaking and removing the dry residuum remaining in the pipe H, therebysecuring free egress for the tar. In connection with the pipe H there isanother crooked pipe, K, communicating at one end with the cock F, andat another end with another cock, J, which is joined to the pipe H asnear the still as possible, which cock J is only opened to allow the tarto follow through the pipe K after the residuum has been broken by thesquare iron rod attached to cook F, and this cock F being left open, toallow the tar and residuum to flow freely into the iron box or cylinderL, where it will cool by means of the refrigerator N. M is a small,crooked pipe, to regulate the pressure of the air in the iron box L. Ois a cock toempty the box L. P is a tub for receiving benzine from thestill. Q, ditto water. R, condenser for oil and hen-- zine. T, pipes forthe escape of the gas from the different parts of the still. U, hot-airchamber conveying the heat to the bottom of boiler A. V, hot-air pipe.W, arch or cylinder for the hot air at the bottom of part B. Theconstruction of the boilers A B and O is such as to leave an open spacebetween the bottom of the boiler A and the top of boilers B and C, thespace being called a hot-air chamber, U. The object of this chame her isto convey the heat to the bottom of boiler A and to the top of theboilers B and O, in connection with the hot-air space surrounding thewhole still. At the side ofthe boiler B are two cylinders or pipes, V,and at the bottom of the same boiler is an arch or cylinder, W, beingboth passing through the entire length of the boiler B, the arch orcylinder W being in connection with the hot-air passage Y, at the centreof the arch of the furnace Z, and also with the hot-air spacesurrounding the entire still, the object of which is to prevent thedirect action of the fire in the bottom of the still, and for regulatingthe heat, by means of dampers placed in the brick-work in front of thearch cylinder. X, man-hole si Y, hot-air passages. Z, furnace,brick-work, e'tc. No. 1, pipe, with siphon, cock, and gas pipe, to fillboiler A with crude oil. No. 2, pipe, with siphon, cock, and gas pipe,to lead the boiling oil from boiler A into boiler B. No. 3, pipe, withsiphon and cooks, to draw the water from boiler A. No. 4, fourconnecting leading pipes and serpentine, for the escape of burning oil.N0. 5, pipe and serpentine, for the escape of bcnzine. No. 6,gauge-cock, with siphon and gas pipe, for boiler A. No. 7, gauge-cock,with siphon, for boiler B. No. 8, pipe and cock leading the oil from thereceiving tub D into the receiving tub E. No. 9, pipe, cock, and siphon,to lead the colored oil into boiler C. No. 10, escape pipe andserpentine, for the redistilled oil from boiler C.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: I first fill the boilers Aand B with crude oil, through the pipes Nos. 1 and 2. After the benzincor naphtha has escaped from the boiler B through pipe No. 4, and (thatcontained in A through pipe No. 5, I send the contents of boiler A intoboiler B through the pipe No. 2, being guided by the gauge-cock No. 7;and after boiler A has been emptied into boiler B, I again fill boiler Awith crude oil, and prepare it for boiler B by separating the benzinefrom it, nnd then allow it, as before, to flow into boiler B throughpipe No. 2, thereby securing a continuous distillation; When, on.account of the pressure the oil sometimes undergoes in its passage fromboiler A into boiler B, it flows outcolored through pipe and serpentineNo. 4, I prevent it from mixing with the oil already distilled byclosing the cock 7 of the receiving tuh D; then, by opening the cock ofthe pipe N0. 9 I cause the oil toflow into the boiler C, where it isredistilled and allowed to flow out through pipe No. 10 into'thereceiving tub E. When I judge it noees'sery to take out the ter andresiduum from the still, I slacken the fire for a moment, causingthereby the boiling oil to rest and the tar to depose in the bottom ofthe still, end then I cause the tar and residuum to flow out of the,still, by means of the tor-cock F, in the manner hereabove describedtinthe construction of'the said cock F.

C'laz'm.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, i5

1. The apparatus constructed as above described, the object of which isto secure a continuous distillation by one single operation, being acombination of boilers A B O and the tor-cock F with the hot-air ohnmberU, and all the pipes and other ports composing the said apparatus.

2. I claim separately as my invention the still composed of boilers A BO as to their form nnd combine tion, for the use and purpose abovedescribed.

3. I claim separately as my invention the tar-cock F, as to itsconstruction, the object being to eleer the still of all residuumwithout retarding the distillation. I

A. THIRAULT.

Witnesses DAVID CRAWFORD, THOMAS MeKmRAN.

